Bivalent

In this context, "bivalent" refers to the fact that Cervarix provides protection against 2 strains of HPV. ( HPV-16 and HP-18)

Glossary

Adjuvant

Pharmalogical agents found within Cervarix (AS04) and Gardasil (amorphous aluminium hydroxyphosphate sulphate) which act in combination with the active ingredient to induce recipient immunity

Adenocarcinoma

A form of cancer derived from glandular tissue

Bivalent

In this context, "bivalent" refers to the fact that Cervarix provides protection against 2 strains of HPV. ( HPV-16 and HP-18)

Carcinoma

A form of cancer derived from epithelial cells

DNA Recombinant Technology

The process by which genetic material from several organisms is manipulated to produce new or hybrid variations. In the case of Gardasil, the HPV L1 protein genes are introduced into the yeast genome

Dysplasia

Characterised by all or a combination of the following- Increase in cell size, Nuclear abnormalities, including changes to chromatin, Loss of orientation

Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

The direct cause of cervical cancer in 93+% of cases

Liquid Based Cytology (LBC)

A relatively new, advantageous method of cell preparation which removes impurities such as blood from samples for a more conclusive result

Metaplastic

The ability of a cell to change from one differentiated cell type to another

Neoplasia

An abnormal, uncontrolled process of cell proliferation